The Same Species
Both Uganda and Rwanda are home to the mountain gorilla (Gorilla beringei beringei), a subspecies of the eastern gorilla. There are approximately 1,063 mountain gorillas remaining in the wild, split between two populations: the Bwindi population in Uganda (about 459 gorillas) and the Virunga population shared between Uganda's Mgahinga, Rwanda's Volcanoes NP, and DRC's Virunga NP (about 604 gorillas).
Genetically, the Bwindi and Virunga populations are closely related but have been separated long enough to show some physical and behavioural differences. Bwindi gorillas tend to have slightly longer hair, adapted to their rainforest environment.
Different Habitats
Bwindi's gorillas live in dense tropical rainforest — thick undergrowth, tangled vines, and steep terrain. The forest is ancient (25,000+ years old) and biologically diverse.
Rwanda's gorillas in Volcanoes NP live on the slopes of the Virunga volcanoes in bamboo forest and Hagenia woodland at higher altitude. The vegetation is more open, visibility is often better, and the volcanic landscape provides a dramatically different backdrop.
These different habitats mean the trekking experience feels quite distinct despite involving the same species.
Frequently Asked Questions
Are the gorillas in Uganda and Rwanda the same species?
Yes, both countries have the same species — the mountain gorilla (Gorilla beringei beringei). The two populations live in different habitats but are genetically related.
Which country has more mountain gorillas?
The Virunga population (shared between Rwanda, Uganda's Mgahinga, and DRC) is larger at about 604. Bwindi in Uganda has about 459. Combined, they total approximately 1,063.
Summary
Uganda and Rwanda share the same mountain gorilla species. Bwindi's gorillas live in dense rainforest; Rwanda's live on volcanic slopes. The trekking experiences differ in terrain and character, but both offer extraordinary encounters with these critically endangered great apes.